威廉•菲茨休 (William Fitzhugh)

威廉•菲茨休 (William Fitzhugh) 是一名人类学家，专攻环极考古学、民族学和环境研究。 他第一次对北方产生兴趣是在安大略省乘坐独木舟及在达特茅斯学院 (Dartmouth College) 进行人类学研究期间。 在美国 海军任职了两年之后，他进入哈佛大学 (Harvard University) 就读，后于 1970 年获得人类学博士学位，之后在国立自然历史博物馆任职。

作为北极研究中心主任和国立自然历史博物馆人类学部策展人，比尔花了四年多时间专注于研究加拿大北部、阿拉斯加、西伯利亚、斯堪第纳维亚半岛和蒙古国的北极民族和文化并发表相关文章。 他的考古和环境研究侧重于北美东北部史前史和古生态学，而他的其他更广泛的研究则涉及北部海上适应活动的演化、极地附近文化联系、北方跨文化研究和文化适应过程，尤其是关于欧洲原住民联系。

As curator of the National Museum of Natural History's arctic collections, Bill has produced five international exhibitions, Inua: Spirit World of the Bering Sea Eskimos; Crossroads of Continents: Native Cultures of Siberia and Alaska; Ainu: Spirit of a Northern People; Vikings: The North Atlantic Saga, and Gifts from the Ancestors: Ancient Ivories from Bering Strait. His public and educational activities include the production of films, including the NOVA specials, “Mysteries of the Lost Red Paint People”, “Norse America”, and several other Viking films. He served as Chairman of the Smithsonian's Department of Anthropology from 1975-80 and again in 2002-2005, has been an Advisor to the Arctic Research Commission, represents the Smithsonian and arctic social science in various government councils, served on the Smithsonian Science Commission and holds various other administrative and advisory posts.